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What does a student learn in ?

This is the year students start to see themselves as part of a bigger world beyond their own family. Students learn why rules matter, who the helpers are at school and in town, and what makes them both similar to and different from the people around them. They sort needs from wants and make simple maps of places they know. By spring, students can name a few community leaders, explain why a rule exists, and point out a need versus a want.

  • Rules and helpers
  • Needs and wants
  • Maps
  • Community
  • Identity and family
  • American symbols
  • Goods and services
Source: New Mexico New Mexico Adopted Content Standards
Year at a glance
How the year usually goes. Every school and district set their own curriculum, so treat this as a guide, not official pacing.
  1. 1

    Getting to know our class

    Students start the year learning the rules of the classroom and why those rules help everyone get along. They talk about who is in charge at school and what happens when rules are followed or broken.

  2. 2

    Who I am and where I come from

    Students share their own story and notice how they are alike and different from classmates. They talk about family traditions and put events from their own life in order.

  3. 3

    Our community and its symbols

    Students learn the symbols that stand for their town, state, and country, like the flag and state bird. They also meet the leaders who help run the school, town, and tribal communities.

  4. 4

    Mapping the places we know

    Students draw simple maps of the classroom and school and add labels. They compare a map to a globe, notice signs around town, and talk about why families move from place to place.

  5. 5

    Needs, wants, and choices

    Students sort the things people need to live from the things people just want. They look at goods and services around them and talk about what happens when there is not enough to go around.

  6. 6

    Asking big questions and helping out

    Students practice asking big questions about their world and finding answers with examples. They work as a group to take on a small problem at school or in the neighborhood.

Mastery Learning Standards
The required skills a student should display by the end of Kindergarten.
Inquiry
  • Construct Compelling and Supporting Questions

    K.K.23

    Students learn to ask big "why" and "how" questions about the world, then come up with smaller questions that help them find answers.

  • With prompting and support, recognize a compelling

    K.1

    Students learn to spot the big, open questions worth exploring, like "Why do people need rules?" rather than questions with a simple yes-or-no answer.

  • With prompting and support, identify the relationship between compelling

    K.2

    Students learn that big questions (like "Why do people move to new places?") are answered by asking smaller questions underneath them. Teachers help students see how the little questions feed the big one.

  • Communicate and Critique Conclusions

    K.K.26

    Students share what they learned and listen to what classmates think. Then they explain why they agree or disagree.

  • With prompting and support, construct responses to compelling questions using…

    K.3

    Students answer a big question about the world by sharing examples from what they've learned. A teacher helps guide them through it.

  • Take Informed Action

    K.K.27

    Students pick a real problem they notice at school or in their neighborhood and do something about it, like making a sign or telling someone who can help.

  • Take group or individual action to help address local, regional

    K.4

    Students pick a real problem in their school or community and do something about it, like making a sign, writing a letter, or helping out.

  • Participate in deliberative and democratic procedures to make decisions about…

    K.5

    Students work together as a class to talk through a problem, agree on what to do, and take a real step to fix it. It is an early version of how citizens make decisions together.

Civics
  • Demonstrate an understanding of Processes, Rules

    K.K.2

    Rules tell us what we can and cannot do. Students learn why classrooms and communities have rules, what happens when rules are followed or broken, and how rules are made.

  • Communicate the purpose of rules

    K.6

    Rules tell people what is safe and fair to do. Students explain why rules matter at school, at home, and in other places they know.

  • Explain how the rules help us work together

    K.7

    Rules tell everyone what to do so the group can work together. Students learn why a classroom or school needs rules and what happens when people follow them.

  • Demonstrate an understanding of Roles and Responsibilities of a Civic Life

    K.K.4

    Students learn what it means to be a good citizen at school and in their community. They practice taking turns, following rules, and helping others.

  • Identify the consequences of following and not following rules

    K.8

    Students name what happens when a rule is followed and what happens when it isn't. This helps them see why rules exist at home, in the classroom, and in the community.

  • Identify authority figures and describe their roles

    K.9

    Students learn who is in charge at school, home, and in the community, such as teachers, parents, and police officers, and what each person's job is.

  • Civic Dispositions and Democratic Principles

    K.K.3

    Students learn what it means to be a good citizen: taking turns, listening to others, and following rules at school and in their community.

  • Identify the local, state

    K.10

    Students learn to recognize everyday symbols of their community, state, and country, like a flag or a state bird. These symbols stand for shared values and help people feel connected to where they live.

History
  • Historical Change, Continuity, Context

    K.K.15

    Some things stay the same over time, like family traditions, while other things change, like the way people travel or communicate. Students learn to notice what has stayed the same and what is different between the past and today.

  • Compare traditions found in communities over time

    K.11

    Students look at how traditions like holidays, foods, and family celebrations have stayed the same or changed over the years in different communities.

  • Power Dynamics, Leadership

    K.K.19

    Students learn who makes rules at home, in the classroom, and in their community, and why those decisions belong to certain people.

  • Demonstrate an awareness of community leaders

    K.12

    Students learn who runs things in their school and town: a teacher leads the classroom, a principal leads the school, and a mayor leads the city. Some communities also have tribal leaders.

Ethnic, Cultural, and Identity Studies
  • Diversity and Identity

    K.K.20

    Students notice that people have different family traditions, languages, and backgrounds. Those differences are part of what makes a community whole.

  • Sequence important events in their life

    K.13

    Students put key moments from their own life in order, from earliest to most recent. This might look like drawing or describing when they started walking, then started school.

  • Identify how individuals are similar and different

    K.14

    Students look at the people around them and notice what they share and what makes each person unique, like family traditions, favorite foods, or the languages spoken at home.

  • Communicate a positive view of themselves and identify some of their group…

    K.22

    Students name what makes them who they are, like their family, language, or traditions, and share something they like about themselves.

  • Describe ways they are similar and different from people who share their…

    K.23

    Students talk about what they have in common with classmates and what makes each person different, even when they share the same background, language, or family traditions.

  • Explore their personal history, culture

    K.24

    Students look at where their family comes from, what traditions they practice at home, and what life was like before they were born.

  • With support, learn about current contributions of people in their main…

    K.25

    Students look at what people in their family, community, or cultural group are doing in the world today. With a teacher's help, they connect those real examples to who they are.

Economics/Personal Financial Literacy
  • Incentives and Choices

    K.K.6

    Incentives are things that make a choice more appealing, like getting a sticker for finishing work. Students learn how rewards and consequences shape the decisions people make every day.

  • Distinguish between a need

    K.15

    Students sort everyday things into two groups: needs (like food, clothes, and a home) and wants (things that are nice to have but not necessary to survive).

  • Money and Markets

    K.K.8

    Students learn what money is and how people use it to buy things they need or want. They explore basic ideas about spending, saving, and why markets exist.

  • Identify examples of goods and services

    K.16

    Goods are things you can hold, like food or a toy. Services are things people do for you, like a haircut or a bus ride. Students learn to tell the difference between the two.

  • Explain what scarcity is and how scarcity affects the accessibility of goods…

    K.17

    Scarcity means there isn't enough of something for everyone who wants it. Students learn why people can't always get what they want and how that shapes the choices families and communities make.

  • Personal Financial Literacy

    K.K.10

    Students learn the basics of money: what coins and bills are worth, how people earn and spend money, and why saving matters.

  • Recognize personal finance choices people make

    K.26

    Students look at everyday choices like spending money on lunch or saving it for later, and start to understand that people decide how to use their money.

Geography
  • Geographic Representations and Reasoning

    K.K.11

    Maps and globes show where places are in the world. Students learn to read simple maps, find familiar locations, and understand that a globe is a model of Earth.

  • With prompting and support, create maps of familiar areas, such as the…

    K.18

    Students draw simple maps of places they know, like their classroom or neighborhood, and add labels to show what each part is.

  • Location, Place, and Region

    K.K.12

    Students learn the difference between where something is, what a place looks, and what makes a group of places belong together.

  • Recognize and identify signs and symbols around their town and community…

    K.19

    Students learn to read everyday signs and symbols in their neighborhood, like stop signs, street signs, and other markers that show where things are located.

  • Identify the differences and similarities between a globe and a map

    K.20

    A globe is a round model of Earth; a map is a flat drawing of the same thing. Students learn what each one shows and when you might reach for one instead of the other.

  • Movement, Population

    K.K.13

    Students learn why people move from place to place and how communities grow when more people arrive in an area.

  • Explain why and how people move from place to place within a community

    K.21

    Students learn why people move around their community, like going from home to a store or school, and how they get there, by walking, driving, or taking the bus.

Common Questions
  • What does social studies look like in kindergarten?

    Students learn how to be part of a group at school and at home. They talk about rules, fairness, family traditions, jobs in the community, and what makes a need different from a want. Most lessons start with a story, a picture, or a question about their own life.

  • How can families support this learning at home?

    Talk about the rules at home and why they exist. Walk around the block and point out signs, helpers, and landmarks. Share a family story or tradition once a week. These small conversations build the same thinking students practice in class.

  • What is the difference between a need and a want at this age?

    Students learn that needs are things like food, clothes, and a place to live. Wants are things that are nice to have, like a toy or a treat. Grocery trips are a good time to ask students to sort items into needs and wants out loud.

  • How should the year be sequenced?

    Start with self and family, then move outward to classroom, school, neighborhood, and community. Rules and routines fit best in the first weeks. Maps, goods and services, and community leaders work well once students have language for the people and places around them.

  • What does mastery look like by the end of the year?

    Students can name a few rules and why they matter, point out community helpers, sort needs from wants, and describe one tradition from their family. They can also draw a simple map of the classroom with labels and follow a class decision they helped make.

  • Which skills usually need the most reteaching?

    Telling needs apart from wants is the stickiest. Many students also confuse a map with a globe, or label every adult an authority figure. Plan to revisit these three ideas across the year using new examples each time.

  • How do students learn about maps in kindergarten?

    Students start with maps of places they already know, like the classroom or the path from the door to the carpet. At home, draw a simple map of the bedroom or kitchen together and label a few spots. The point is to see that a flat drawing can stand for a real place.

  • How is identity and culture handled in kindergarten?

    Students share who is in their family, what they celebrate, and what makes them similar to and different from classmates. Sending in a family photo, a recipe, or a short story about a tradition gives students something real to talk about.

  • How do I know a student is ready for first grade social studies?

    A ready student can answer a big question with an example from their own life, follow and explain a class rule, name a few community helpers, and place events from their day or week in order. Comfort speaking up in a group discussion matters as much as the content.